Mealy Machine Verilog Code | Moore Machine Verilog Code

1 Bit Full Adder Verilog
4 Bit Ripple Adder Verilog
Half Adder Verilog Code
3 Bit Adder Verilog Code

This page covers Mealy Machine Verilog Code andMoore Machine Verilog Code.

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Mealy Machine Verilog code

Following is the figure and verilog code of Mealy Machine.

module mealy_verilog_code(out, in, rst, clk);
output out;
input in;
input clk, rst;
reg out;
reg[1:0] state;
parameters0=2'd0, s1=2'd1, s2=2'd2, s3=2'd3;
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst)
if(rst0) begin state=s0; out=0; end
else begin
case (state)
s0: if(in0) begin out=0; state=s1; end
else begin out=0; state=s0; end
s1: if(in0) beginout=0; state=s1; end
else begin out=0; state=s2; end
s2: if(in0) begin out=0; state=s3; end
else begin out=0; state=s0; end
s3: if(in0) begin out=0; state=s1; end
else begin out=1; state=s2; end
default: state=s0;
endcase
end
endmodule

Moore Machine Verilog code

1 Bit Full Adder Verilog

Following is the figure and verilog code of Moore Machine.

module moore_verilog_code(out, in, rst, clk);
output out;
input in;
input clk, rst;
reg out;
reg[1:0] state;
parameter s0=2'd0, s1=2'd1, s2=2'd2, s3=2'd3;
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst)
if(rst0) begin state=s0; out=0; end
else begin
case (state)
s0: begin out=0; if(in0) state=s1; else state=s0; end
s1: begin out=0; if(in0) state=s1; else state=s2; end
s2: begin out=0; if(in0) state=s3; else state=s0; end
s3: begin out=1; if(in0) state=s1; else state=s2; end
default: state=s0;
endcase
end
endmodule

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The serial adder is a digital circuit in which bits are added a pair at a time.

Let A and B be two unsigned numbers to be added to produce Sum = A + B. In this we are using three shift registers which are used to hold A, B and Sum. Now in each clock cycle, a pair of bits is added by the adder FSM and at the end of the cycle, the resulting sum is shifted into the Sum register.

Mealy type FSM for serial adder:

Let G and H denote the states where the carry-in-values are 0 and 1. Output value s depends on both the state and the present value of inputs a and b.

In state G and H:

Input valuation	Output (s)	State
00	0	FSM will remain in same state G
01,10	1	FSM will remain in same state G
11	0	FSM moves to state H
01,10	0	FSM will remain in same state H
11	1	FSM will remain in same state H
00	1	FSM moves to state G

A single Flip-Flop is needed to represent the two states. The next state and output equations are:

Y = ab + ay + by

s = a ⊕ b ⊕ y

The flip-flop can be cleared by the Reset signal at the start of the addition operation.

Moore type FSM for serial adder:

In a Moore type FSM, output depends only on the present state. Since in both states, G and H, it is possible to produce two different outputs depending on the valuations of the inputs a and b, a Moore type FSM will need more than two states. Therefore we will four states namely: G₀, G₁, H₀ and H₁.

The next state and output equations are:

4 Bit Ripple Adder Verilog

Y₁ = a ⊕ b ⊕ y₂

Y₂ = ab + by₂ + by₂

s = y₁

Half Adder Verilog Code

The only difference between circuits of Mealy and Moore type FSM for serial adder is that in Moore type FSM circuit, output signal s is passed through an extra flip-flop and thus delayed by one clock cycle with respect to the Mealy type FSM circuit.

3 Bit Adder Verilog Code

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